群体行为的研究现状与展望

北京邮电大学学报(社科版) ›› 2016, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (3): 91-98.

群体行为的研究现状与展望

1 北京邮电大学公共管理学院，北京100876；2 北京邮电大学马克思主义学院，北京100876

收稿日期:2015-03-02 出版日期:2016-06-30
基金资助:
北京市社会科学基金项目（15SHB022）；北京邮电大学社科基金项目（2013-2014BS08）

Research Status and Prospect of Collective Behavior

1 School of Public Administration and Policy, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
Beijing 100876, China; 2 School of Marxism, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,
Beijing 100876, China

Received:2015-03-02 Online:2016-06-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

社会转型发展阶段，群体性事件不断增加，给国家和社会稳定产生了负面影响。通过对群体和群体行为的相关理论进行分析，从群体行为的界定与形成、影响群体行为形成的因素和群体成员的互动与行为选择三个方面，对国内外的相关研究成果进行了全面地总结，研究发现，目前学术界从研究内容和研究方法上对群体行为研究均比较成熟，但是将网络，尤其是在线社交网络与群体行为相结合的研究较少，这是未来的研究方向和研究重点。

关键词: 群体行为, 社会稳定, 形成互动, 影响因素, 行为选择

Abstract:

In the stage of social transformation and development, the mass incidents are increasing, which has a negative impact on the stability of the country and society Based on analysis of the related theories of group and collective behavior, a comprehensive summary is made from three aspects of the definition and formation of collective behavior, the factors affecting the collective behavior and the interaction of group members and behavior choice It is found that currently the research on the collective behavior is relatively mature in the contents and methods, but the research combining the network is less, especially the combination of online social network and collective behavior, so this is the future research direction of the study

Key words: collective behavior, socal stability, formation and interaction, influencing factors, behavior choice

中图分类号:

D631

张静1，孙慧轩2. 群体行为的研究现状与展望[J]. 北京邮电大学学报(社科版), 2016, 18(3): 91-98.

ZHANG Jing1, SUN Hui-xuan2. Research Status and Prospect of Collective Behavior[J]. JOURNAL OF BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF POSTS AND TELECOM, 2016, 18(3): 91-98.

参考文献

［1］ Turner R H, Killian L M. Collective Behavior［M］. 4th ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1993: 192.
［2］ McPhail C. Stereotypes of crowds and collective behavior: looking backward, looking forward［J］. Stud. Symbolic Interact, 1997, 3 (Sup): 35-58.
［3］ Helbing D, Molnar P. Social force model for pedestrian dynamics［J］. Phys. Rev. E, 1995, 51(5), 4282-4286.
［4］ Nara A, Torrens P M. Spatial and temporal analysis of pedestrian egress behavior and efficiency［C］// Samet H, Shahabi C, Schneider M. Association of Computing Machinery (ACM) Advances in Geographic Information Systems, ACM, New York. 2007: 284-287.
［5］ Burstedde C, Klauck K, Schadschneider A, et al. Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton［J］. Physica A, 2001, 295(6): 507-525.
［6］ Helbing D, Farkas I J, Vicsek T. Simulating dynamical features of escape panic［J］. Nature, 2000, 407 (28): 487-490.
［7］ Colin Marc Henein, Tony White. Microscopic information processing and communication in crowd dynamics［J］. Physica A, 2010, 389 (11): 4636-4653.
［8］ Bon G L. The crowd: a study of the popular mind［M］. New York: Macmillan, 1896: 23.
［9］ Park R E, Burgess E W, Janowitz M. Introduction to the science of sociology［M］. ChicagoIII: University of Chicago Press, 1921: 93.
［10］巴克. 社会心理学［M］. 天津: 南开大学出版社, 1984: 58.
［11］戴维·波普诺. 社会学［M］. 李强, 译. 北京: 中国人民大学出版社, 1999: 68.
［12］中华人民共和国公安部. 公安机关处理群体性治安事件规定［EB/OL］. (2008-12-25)［2015-12-05］. http: //www.docin.com/p-1271590875.html.
［13］中国行政管理学会课题组. 中国群体性突发事件: 成因及对策［M］. 北京: 国家行政学院出版社, 2009.
［14］于建嵘, 单光鼐. 群体性事件应对与社会和谐［EB/OL］. (2008-12-25)［2011-12-05］. http: //cssm.gov.cn/view.php?id=23715.
［15］孙元明. 当前国内群体性事件及其发展趋势研究［J］. 江南社会学院学报, 2008（3）: 6-10.
［16］陈强, 徐晓林, 王国华. 网络群体性事件演变机制研究［J］. 情报杂志, 2011, 30(3): 35-38.
［17］中国行政管理学会课题组. 我国转型期群体性突发事件主要特点、原因及政府对策研究［J］. 中国行政管理, 2002(5): 6-9.
［18］ Blumer H. Collective behavior［C］// Park R E.   Principles of Sociology. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1939: 297.
［19］ Allport F H. Social psychology［M］. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1924.
［20］ Berk R. A gaming approach to crowd behavior［J］. American Sociological Review, 1974, 39(3): 355-373.
［21］ Saori Iwanaga, Akira Namatame. Collective behavior in cascade and schelling model［J］. Procedia Computer Science, 2013(24): 217-226.
［22］ Giardina I. Collective behavior in animal groups: theoretical model and empirical studies［J］. HFSP J, 2008, 2 (4), 205-219.
［23］魏玖长, 韦玉芳, 周磊. 群体性突发事件中群体行为的演化态势研究［J］. 电子科技大学学报（社科版）, 2011, 13(6): 25-30.
［24］ Peracchi, Franco, Brugiavmi, et al. Theory of collective behavior［M］.Gleacoe: Free Press of Glencoe, 1962: 173.
［25］ Couzin I. Collective minds［J］. Nature, 2007(445): 715.
［26］ Cooper S, Popovic Z, Treuille A. Continuum crowds［J］. ACM Trans. Graphics (TOG), 2006, 25 (3) 1160-1168.
［27］ Berlonghi A. Understanding and planning for different spectator crowds［J］. Safety Science, 1995, 18 (4) 239-247.
［28］ Henderson L F. The statistics of crowd fluids［J］. Nature, 1971, 229: 381-383.
［29］ Farkas I, Helbing D, Vicsek T. Social behavior: mexican waves in an excitable medium［J］. Nature, 2002（419）: 131-132.
［30］ Hankin B D, Wright R A. Passenger flow in subways［J］. Oper. Res. Quarterly, 1958, 9 (2) 81-88.
［31］ Bradley G E. A proposed mathematical model for computer prediction of crowd movements and their associated risks ［C］// Smith R A, Dickie J F.   Engineering for Crowd Safety, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1993: 303-311.
［32］ Helbing D, Molnar P. Self-organization phenomena in pedestrian crowds［C］// Schweitzer F. Self-organization of complex structures: from individual to collective dynamics. Gordon and Breach, New York, 1997: 569-577.
［33］ Helbing D. Traffic and related self-driven many-particle systems［J］. Reviews of modern physics, 2000, 73(4): 1067-1141.
［34］ Daamen W, Hoogendoorn S P. Experimental research of pedestrian walking behavior［J］. Transp Res Rec, 2003（1828）: 20-30.
［35］程远. 基于演化博弈论的群体疏散行为研究［D］. 北京: 北京化工大学, 2012: 5.
［36］赵奕奕, 彭怡, 肖磊, 等. 突发事件下群体抢购行为的舆论传播机理研究［J］. 系统工程理论与实践, 2015(3): 616-622.
［37］李峰, 沈惠璋, 张聪, 等. 社会影响的外部性与群体动力学研究［J］. 科技管理研究, 2010, 30(21): 224-229.
［38］徐光有, 袁年兴. 群体性事件中的群体行为探析［J］. 理论导刊, 2011(11): 29-32.
［39］宫敏燕. 社会转型期群体行为的社会学思考［J］. 长春理工大学学报（社会科学版）, 2012, 25(6): 44-46.
［40］吕传笑, 栾晓峰. 个体行为与群体行为的互动分析［J］. 山东省农业管理干部学院学报, 2005, 21(5): 87-88.
［41］ Festinger L. A theory of social comparison processes［J］. Human Relation, 1954 (7): 117-140.
［42］ Zheng Xiaoping, Zhong Tingkuan, Liu Mengting.Modeling crowd evacuation of a building based on seven methodological approaches［J］. Build. Environ, 2009, 44 (3): 437-445.
［43］ Fang Z, Yuan J P, Wang Y C, et al. Survey of pedestrian movement and development of a crowd dynamics model［J］. Fire Safety J. , 2008, 43 (6): 459-465.
［44］ Spieser K, Davison D E. Multi-agent stabilisation of the psychological dynamics of one-dimensional crowds［J］. Automatica, 2009, 45 (3): 657-664.
［45］ Deere S J, Galea E R, Lawrence P J. A systematic methodology to assess the impact of human factors in ship design［J］. Appl. Math. Modell. 2009, 33 (2): 867-883.
［46］ Blue V J, Adler J L. Cellular automata microsimulation of bidirectional pedestrian flows［J］. Trans Res Rec, 2000, 1678（1）: 135-141.
［47］ Toyama M C, Bazzan A L C, da Silva R. An agent-based simulation of pedestrian dynamics: from lane formation to auditorium evacuation［C］// Autonomous agents and multiagent systems (AAMAS), 2006: 108-110.
［48］ Niizato T,   Gunjia Yukio-Pegio. Metric-topological interaction model of collective behavior［J］. Ecological Modelling, 2011, 222(17): 3041-3049.
［49］杨志谋, 司光亚, 李志强. 大规模虚拟民众群体行为仿真概念建模研究［J］. 计算机工程与应用, 2011, 47(21): 231-234.
［50］杨志谋, 司光亚, 李志强, 等. 大规模群体行为仿真模型设计与实现［J］. 系统仿真学报, 2010, 22(3): 724-727.
［51］胡斌, 王志明. 基于CAS理论的企业员工群体行为模拟［J］. 管理学报, 2005, 2(z1): 31-34.
［52］王志明, 胡斌. 复杂系统下群体行为的建模与模拟［J］. 武汉理工大学学报（信息与管理工程版）, 2005, 27(6): 148- 152.
［53］夏功成. 企业知识群体行为的定性模拟研究［D］. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2005: 28.
［54］田炜, 邓贵仕, 武佩剑. 基于复杂网络与演化博弈的群体行为策略分析［J］. 计算机应用研究, 2008, 25(8): 2352-2354.
［55］田野. 基于微博平台的事件趋势分析及预测研究［D］. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2012: 37.
［56］余凤霞. 基于元胞自动机的群体行为仿真［D］. 宁波: 宁波大学, 2011: 18.
［57］ Xu Xulin, Chen Zengqiang, Si Guangya, et al. A novel definition of generalized synchronization on networks and a numerical simulation example［J］. Comput. Math. Appl. 2008, 56(11): 2789-2794.
［58］ Braun A, Musse S R, de Oliveira L, et al. Modeling individual behaviors in crowd simulation［C］//Computer Animation and Social Agents, 16th International Conference, New Brunswick, NJ, 2003: 143-148.
［59］ Xu Xulin, Chen Zengqiang, Si Guangya, et al. The chaotic dynamics of the social behavior selection networks in crowd simulation［J］. Nonlinear Dyn, 2011, 64(1): 117-126.

[1]	胡春，刘传，周慧琴. 基于文献计量的研究生学风影响因素分析[J]. 北京邮电大学学报(社科版), 2020, 22(3): 101-109.
[2]	魏建国，魏培，田德琥. 中国P2P网贷区域性差异及影响因素分析[J]. 北京邮电大学学报(社科版), 2019, 21(3): 33-42.
[3]	张献华. 基于TAM的云南农村信息化应用影响因素研究[J]. 北京邮电大学学报(社科版), 2017, 19(5): 74-81.
[4]	赵玲. 新媒体时代影响大学生人际信任因素结构的实证研究[J]. 北京邮电大学学报(社科版), 2016, 18(6): 1-8.
[5]	王胤丰，闫强. 基于UTAUT模型的学生MOOC学习意愿的影响因素研究[J]. 北京邮电大学学报(社科版), 2016, 18(2): 96-103.
[6]	张冲1，完颜瑞云2，孙炜红3，张丹3. 中国城镇居民通信消费的影响因素研究[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2015, 17(2): 60-66.
[7]	龙红明，舒华英. 比特产品动态定价关键影响因素分析[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2014, 16(6): 43-50.
[8]	汪金峰. 新生代农民工对社会稳定影响研究[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2014, 16(2): 94-100.
[9]	梁朝朝，郭玉锦. 网络谣言与大学生网络信息接收和认知习惯的关系分析[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2013, 15(6): 30-34.
[10]	李明尧，李全彩. 农村留守儿童心理韧性状况及其影响因素研究 ——以徐州市睢宁县的研究为例[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2013, 15(6): 82-88.
[11]	陈越，赵欣艳. 电视上网服务实践与研究综述[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2012, 14(6): 19-25.
[12]	齐佳音，刘芳，史双. 客户终生价值典型动态影响因素分析及电信业实证研究[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2012, 14(6): 38-46.
[13]	王慧贤，吕廷杰，谢飞波，王琦. 无线电频谱价值影响因素分析[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2012, 14(5): 86-.
[14]	王慧贤，吕廷杰，谢飞波，王琦. 无线电频谱价值影响因素分析[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2012, 14(5): 66-71.
[15]	李峰，忻展红. 影响电信运营商经济增加值的作用因素实证研究[J]. Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English letters), 2012, 14(3): 65-71.