Abstract: The opposition faction in the “May 4th movement” is not a synonym for conservatives and needs to be categorized and differentiated. Conservatives are only part of the opposition faction. They struggled to uphold traditional ethics and morality, and were opposed to new ideas and social reforms. Mr. Liang Shu ming and members of the Xueheng Party, while safeguarding basic values of the Confucianism and trying to make updated review and improvement to the traditional culture in the new times, represent two different trends of developments in the opposition factions.

Key words: oppositionfaction, conservative, LiangShuming, xuehengParty